The Risk Factor Of Cigarette Smoking - 983 Words

The extent of correlation concerning an individual conduct and wellbeing is daunting. I chose to address behavioral risk factor of cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality that is responsible for nearly six million deaths worldwide and over 400,000 deaths annually in the United States (World Health Organization, 2011; Chandora, Whitney, Weaver, Eriksen, 2015). I reside in state of Georgia. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2014), 17.4% of Georgia adults were current cigarette smokers and 22.4% were former smokers. Adult male’s cigarette smokers are 21.4% while the females at 13.6%, between race and ethnicity, non-Hispanic white 19.3%, non-Hispanic blacks 14.6% and Hispanics 15.6%. In Georgia, non-Hispanic whites young adults’ ages 25-34 years have the highest prevalence in smoking than any other age groups at 29.5%, while non-Hispanic blacks smoking prevalence highest at age 55-64 years 20.3% (CDC, 2 014). Cigarette smoking is associated with deaths related to cancer, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular disease and smoking cessation reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease; the risk of heart attack and stroke falls considerably after quitting smoking entirely (CDC, 2016). Cigarette smoking account for 10.1% of deaths among Georgia adults Gvinianidze Tsereteli, 2012). According to Healthy People (HP) 2020 target for current cigarette smokers is 12% (HP, 2016) the state of Georgia cigarette smokingShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Cigarette Smoking And Novel Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease704 Words   |  3 PagesRelationship Between Cigarette Smoking and Novel Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease In The United States In a study of the general population of the United States, over 17,000 individuals were examined on the relationship between cigarette smoking and the levels of homocysteine, fibrinogen, and serum C-reactive protein. Cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease have been linked and the topic has not been studied much. Cardiovascular disease was the cause of death in 40% of the United StatesRead More The Effects of Smoking Cigarettes Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Smoking Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Smoking cigarettes damage the body in a number of different ways. Over several years, the American Council on Science and Health and many others have documented the effects of smoking. Everyone knows that it is bad for you, but not many know how it affects the body. There are many myths about smoking, which mainly occur with all of the teens that are smoking. Most teens don’t know that the effects of smoking are mostly permanent. They think that theyRead MoreLink Between Smoking and the Ocurrence of Cardiovascular Diseases 1726 Words   |  7 Pagesassociate cigarette smoking and tobacco with lung cancer and breathing problems. However, in addition to these, smoking is a major cause of cardiovascular disease that is, blood vessel and heart diseases. Tobacco and cigarette smoking have been regarded as major risk factors for different chronic diseases Everett (2004). According to AHA (American Heart Association) cigarette smoking is seen as the most signifi cant and preventable reason for many premature deaths McCay et al. (2009). Smoking has beenRead MoreThe Negative Impacts Of Smoking1547 Words   |  7 Pagesthousands and thousands adults every day is smoking cigarette. The issue of smoking has become one of the most significant and controversial debates in Australia, due its health problem and the effect of the environment atmosphere. Researches and medics worldwide were studying the main causes that makes people smoke and why? (Backes, 2016). According to Dr Jewell‘s article, reveals that there are lots of factors that influencing young children to smoke. Factors such as social influence or peer pressureRead MorePros And Cons Of E-Cigarettes752 Words   |  4 PagesCons Sure, smoking cigarettes are bad for your health, but that does not mean that the better alternative is e-cigarettes and vapor products, although there are some differences that may seem to make them the better choice. Cynthia Cabrera, executive director of the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association, explains that there are many factors that make e-cigarettes and vapor products less harmful, and safer than actual cigarettes. When you use these products as opposed to smoking an actual cigaretteRead MoreSmoking : Smoking And Smoking1615 Words   |  7 PagesSummary Smoking in Bushwick Cigarette smoking affects nearly all organs in the body. Smoking leads to negative health outcomes such as various kinds of cancers and chronic diseases and reduces the overall health of individuals. Some diseases caused by smoking are - oral cancer, lung cancer, chronic diseases such as - stroke, blindness, cataract, periodontitis, COPD, diabetes, smoking during pregnancy causes pregnancy complications. (Health Effects of Cigarette Smoking, 2015) Cigarette smoking andRead MoreSmoking and the Effects on the Heart Essay1413 Words   |  6 Pagespreventable cause of disease and deaths in the United States. Smoking is among the top preventable risk factors of heart disease amongst many other health problems. Coronary heart disease and strokes are the primary types of cardiovascular disease caused by smoking. They rank as the first and third leading causes of death in the United States. More than 61 million Americans suffer from some form of cardiovascular disease. Smoking increases your risk for high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, strokeRead MoreSpeech: Quit Smoking Essay766 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech: Quit Smoking I. Introduction a. Whoa 1,000 dollars! Yes, ladies and gentleman, my first slide of my power point presentation does say, Whoa#8230;1,000 dollars! b. From my Health Psychology Book by Linda Brannon and Jess Feist, it stated that Currently, about 25% of the adults in the United States are classified as smokers, in 1998 when the book was published. c. Now, considering all of us are 18 or older in the room, one out of every four ofRead MoreSmoking and Dental mplants714 Words   |  3 Pagesand the patient14,17,18.Broadly ,these factors may be classified as ;patient, clinician or implant associated15,16. Cigarette smoking, a patient related risk factor, is a common habit. It has been under scrutiny for long due to a progressive number of diseases directly or indirectly linked with it 20.The toxic byproducts of the cigarette smoke have been implicated to influence general health 21.The oral cavity, being the first point of contact for cigarette smoke and heat, may be equally affected22Read MoreThe Health Behavior Of Tobacco Use Among Adolescents1656 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity Abstract This paper addresses the health behavior of tobacco use among adolescents. There are many risk factors that contribute to this health behavior, as well as risk factors that contribute to the morbidity and mortality of tobacco use among adolescents. Tobacco Use Among Adolescents Over the last decade of two there has been a huge push to end the use of tobacco products such as cigarettes and chewing tobacco. These tobacco products have been proven time and time again to cause numerous serious

Social Work Practice Guidelines Are Outlined By The Nasw

Social Work practice guidelines are outlined by the NASW Code of Ethics, CSWE Educational Policy and Standards, and HIPPA. NASW Code of Ethics explain the missions values and core functions of how a social worker practices. It is a guide that is used to assist social workers through ethical dilemmas while emphasizing core values (National Association of Social Workers, n.d.). CSWE is a national association that maintains the standards of educational programs for social work degrees. This entity ensures education is supported by appropriate accreditation that focuses on curriculums to ensure full understanding of all required competencies and that the program is aligned with its goals and missions. (Council on Social Work Education,†¦show more content†¦148) It is the Social workers duty to practice confidentiality while coordinating and advocating care for members. HIPPA rules protect health information and provide guidelines to distinctly identify who is authorized to disclose and receive information. Typical cases protected under HIPPA may involve authorized government entities, law enforcement, and mandating reporters. Disclosure of information is authorized between providers regarding member receiving care for the purpose of treating that member in an emergency situation. This disclosure information is limited to disclose what is pertinent to the actual treatment the member is receiving. A significant job function and responsibility of the Social Worker employed at the Medicaid Integrated health plan is to ensure members have no gaps in services. The social workers that work with members dually diagnosed with a severely mental illness and substance abuse must practice caution while coordinating services. While maintaining compliance with HIPPA rules social workers must also comply with 42 CFR Part 2. This law protects the disclosure of information regarding members diagnosed with substance use (Health Information and the Law, n.d.). Social workersShow MoreRelatedThe Code Of Ethics And The Social Work1562 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the social work profession, one of the main goals is promoting social justice and changing the lives of individuals, and with that goal in mind, it is imperative that the Core Values are followed closely. By definition from DuBois and Miley, â€Å"eradicating injustices and inequalities to ensure social justice and to protect human rights is the call to action for social workers† (DuBois Miley, 2014, p.47). Over time the profession of social work evolved, and eventually the National AssociationRead MoreThe Social Work Of A Social Worker1585 Words   |  7 PagesAs a social worker, we are essentially given the opportunity to utilize our past and personal experiences, educational background, and diverse relationships to make a difference in countless people’s lives. Whether we choose to dedicate ourselves to practicing micro or macro social work, we can influence the ou tcomes of social policies, assist clients with obtaining basic necessities, or change a person’s thought processes by applying psychosocial theories as necessary. However, we are obligatedRead MoreCode Of Ethics Reaction Paper : The Doe Family1419 Words   |  6 PagesNASW Code of Ethics Reaction Paper: The Doe Family A Review of the Case Jane Doe is 22 years old. She has a 3-month old child with her boyfriend, Anthony, who has been physically abusive lately. She has decided to move in with her mother, Alice, for the sake of the baby, although their relationship is strained. Jane has earned a GED and is waiting tables yet is at risk of losing her social services benefits because she is not complying with proper documentations. Alice Doe is in recovery fromRead MoreGender Dysphoria and Gender Reassignment: Analysis of a Policy Issue3357 Words   |  14 Pagesgender reassignment surgery. In addition, there are very few state level policies regarding insurance coverage of these procedures (Taylor, 2007). Much of these policy issues are closely tied to the lack of consensus on the ethical, professional, and social implications of the inclusion of Gender Dysphoria as a mental health diagnosis in the DSM-V (Ehrbar, 2010). Because there is little consensus across various stakeholders regarding the process of determining eligibility for gender reassignment surgeriesRead MoreHuman Services Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pagesimproving their quality of life. Another member looked at Human Services in a theoretical sense, and saw it as â€Å"the field of humane, compassionate, person-centered care that has, and continues to develop, as the result of an evolving, collective human and social consciousness†. The book Human Services: Concepts and Intervention Strategies defines Human Services as â€Å"a phrase that is often used to group activities that focus on helping people live better lives† (Mehr amp; Kanwischer, 2011 p.2).   One thingRead More The Politics of Representation: Social Work Lessons From the Advocacy Planning Movement3176 Words   |  13 PagesPolitics of Representation: Social Work Lessons From the Advocacy Planning Movement In urban plannings new political awareness, representation became a social responsibility issue. This new understanding of politics and social responsibility in urban planning may have brought boundary interaction between planners and other professions, such as social work†¦ Introduction In his 1995 article, Andrew Abbott explores his evolving conception of the social work profession. As we approach theRead MoreSuicide : Ethical, Moral, Spiritual, And Social Deliberations And Examination2104 Words   |  9 PagesSuicide is a subject that has provoked ethical, moral, spiritual, and social deliberations and examination (Harris Hawton, 2005). Civilization has fought with the notion of suicide as well as attempting to make coherent logic of the behaviors that proceed (Harris Hawton, 2005). In managing such a multifaceted individual and social subject, therapists may come across copious ethical trials which must be resolved in order to be operative specialists (Harris Hawton, 2005). Case Study BethRead MoreEnd Of Life Issues : Assisted Suicide Essay2445 Words   |  10 Pagesgiving their patients the poisons they requested (p. 2).† According to the timeline of the History of Euthanasia, found on the ProCon website; during the 12th to 15th centuries, Christianity occupied a position of dominant power and the overwhelming social and medical opinion was in opposition to euthanasia. Common Law Tradition prohibited suicide and assisted suicide in the American colonies during the 17th to 19th centuries. The 17th and 18th century push back against the church’s view of euthanasiaRead MoreThe Poverty Of The United States Essay3731 Words   |  15 Pagesthe minimum level of income deemed adequate to provide the basic necessities in life. With poverty often comes food insecurity which can lead to a variety of negative effects such as health concerns, increased health care costs, and emotional and social issues (Jackson, 2014; Henchy, Weill, Parker, 1999). There are a range of nutritional policies in place that help women and children who live in poverty and food-insecure households, such as the Special Supplemen tal Nutrition Program for Women,

Preventing Identity Theft Essays - 1198 Words

In today’s world, we are all in some way connected to or involved with the internet. We all use different services that we feel either enrich our lives or make them more enjoyable every day, from email to FaceBook, MySpace, and e-commerce. We all take a sort of false comfort in the basic anonymity of the internet; however, when we think about it, that could end up being the single biggest risk to our own safety today. When we typically think of crimes committed against us, we could probably name several: mugging, theft, scams, murder, and rape. For these, things we all take as many necessary steps as we can to help lower the chances of them happening to us because they are on the forefront of our minds. However, most of us don’t take the†¦show more content†¦The sheer availability of information and the ease of access to such information to even the most novice computer user is helping fuel the growth of this type of cybercrime. There are some ways to protect o urselves and our families. First we need to understand that we are the first line of defense against any type of cybercrime and need to become more proactive in helping ourselves. While there are laws in place that are being constantly revised to protect our information; for the most part they only help after the fact. The average user doesn’t have proper software setup on their home PC’s to protect their information, and even when they do they don’t keep it up-to-date. There are several very good services available for either free or a very reasonable cost such as antivirus software, adware/spyware protection, and firewall software that will help keep our information from being obtained directly from our very own computer. Once we have these items in place, it becomes as just important to configure them properly and keep them up-to-date so these programs can catch all the newest ways the criminals use to try and get around them. Another way to protect our information is to be diligent in researching who we are doing business with, and what their practices are in regards to protecting our information once they have it. In recent years, there have been several instances of high profile security breaches from someShow MoreRelatedTips To Preventing Identity Theft Essay example551 Words   |  3 PagesHaving your identity taken away from you is a very difficult thing to handle. It could mean not being able to pay your bills or at the worst, not being able to obtain credit. Protecting your identity is the only way to prevent it from being stolen. Moreover, in this day and age, there are more thieves than ever. Therefore, knowing exactly how to protect the most precious thing to you is the only way you can keep it safe. Here are a few tips to prevent you from having your identity stolen. Tips Read MoreCyber Crime: Preventing the Horrific Crimes on the Inernet1649 Words   |  7 PagesCyber Crime: Preventing the Horrific Crimes on the Internet Cyber Crime, including fraud, identity theft, stalking, and hacking is a growing problem which can be prevented by taking the proper precautions. I. Background II. Cyber fraud A. Fraud sites 1. Free trials sites 2. Craigslist B. Preventing fraud 1. Personal information 2. Credit cards III. Identity theft A. Identity theft sites 1. Stealing information 2. Craigslist B. Preventing Identity theft 1. Who to giveRead MoreIdentity Theft : Trends And Issues1224 Words   |  5 Pages Identity Theft: Trends and Issues Identity Theft: Trends and Issues Identity theft is the fastest growing fraud crime in America (Finklea, 2009). Gaining knowledge in preventing theft will better the economy and lower the crime rates in America. There are reported 9.9 million victims of identity theft and this number is increasing rapidly as the years go on. It has been reported that an estimate of fifty billion dollars has been charged to our consumersRead MoreNew Growing Trend: Identity Theft859 Words   |  4 Pageshave been a victim of identity theft or not, the author of the article â€Å"Identity Theft Is a Growing Danger† has educated a neutral audience about the different ways identities are stolen. Overall, the article used pathos effectively to support the identity theft claim by capturing quotes from actual identity theft victims and the author utilized scare tactics to inform the neutral audience about the various ways that identity theft can happen and to help protect their identity on and offline. BasedRead MoreIdentity Theft993 Words   |  4 Pagesridiculous amount of money needed to be paid that you never spent? This is because of identity theft. The FTC estimates that each year, over 9 million people are affected by identity theft. According to Sally Driscoll, this is because almost anyone with a computer and a slight bit of computer knowledge can pull off identity theft. Experts also claim that identity theft is the fastest-growing crime in the world. Identity theft is a global problem that cannot be stopped without effective measures. The problemRead MoreNew Strands Of Goods And Services From Brand Name Companies983 Words   |  4 Pagesadvertise for them. Brand name companies only think about having their merchandise displayed but forget that they can become a victim of identity theft. Since they willing give up items to celebs but do not know exactly if that celebrity will or has received it. Judith Collin’s Preventing Identity Theft in your Business details the financial losses for business identity theft are the costs due to the loss of merchandise. (Collins, 2005) The monetary losses companies suffer from are because of the deficiencyRead MorePersonal Prevention of Identity Theft Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Prevention of Identity Theft Today in the United States there is a crime that every citizen faces having committed against them and that is the crime of identity theft. Identity theft is the theft of ones personal identifying information such as ones name, address, date of birth, credit card numbers, bank information, and most of all social security number (National Insurance Crime Bureau, 2000). With the modernization of our world it has became easier for would be identity thieves to commitRead MoreIdentification Theft And Identity Theft947 Words   |  4 PagesOur identity is what makes us unique. It is the individual character or personality of an individual, and when a person is a victim of identity theft, it is this distinct characteristic that is stolen Therefore the victims of identity theft often feel a deep sense of violation as they struggle to reclaim their good names. The government must implement better regulations to help put an end to this crime which is affecting millions of innocent Americans. Until then there are three important waysRead MoreIdentity Theft Or Identity Fraud1707 Words   |  7 PagesThis problem is known as identity theft or identity fraud. The development and growth of the world wide web and personal computers being have made everyday things easier for everyone, but have also made it easier for criminals to gain access to information needed to steel someone’s identity. This is a crime which cost people thousands of dollars and countless hours of time spent to regain their losses and the damages done by having their life turned upside down by identity theft. Albrecht(2016). ThisRead MoreIdentity Theft Is Improving With Time1216 Words   |  5 Pages Identity theft is improving with time! Really. It is. Honestly, if I were to become a victim, better it be today then five, ten or even 100 years ago. The common perception is that identity theft is a computer generation crime, which is increasing by the day. Truth is, identity theft dates back before the Internet, computers, the digital age at all. Mobsters may have brought it to an art form decades ago, and its title was quite literal derived. In that era, identity theft was not a financial

From a Sociological Perspective Essay - 4053 Words

From a sociological perspective, explanation for criminality is found in two levels which are the subculture and the structural explanations. The sociological explanations emphasize aspects of societal arrangements that are external to the actor and compelling. A sociological explanation is concerned with how the structure of a society, institutional practices or its persisting cultural themes affect the conduct of its members. Individual differences are denied or ignored, and the explanation of the overall collective behavior is sought in the patterning of social arrangements that is considered to be both outside the actor and prior to him (Sampson, 1985). That is, the social patterns of power or of institutions which are held to be†¦show more content†¦Th subcultural theorist are interested in patterned ways of like which may have evolved with a division of labor and which are called class cultures. The pattern, however is not described by reference to income alone or by reference to year of schooling or occupational ski.. The pattern includes these indicators, but is not defined by them. The subcultural theorist are more intent upon the varieties of human value. These are preferred ways of living that are acted upon. In the economists language, they are tastes. The thesis that is intimated, but not often explicated by a subcultural description of behaviors is that single or multiple signs of social position, such as occupation or education that will have a different significance for both status and cultures. Money and education do not mean the same things socially as they are more or less equitably distributed. The change i n meaning is not merely a change in the prestige value of these tow, but also betokens changes in the boundaries between class cultures. Generally speaking, whether one believes tendencies to be good or bad, the point of emphasis should be simply the criteria of social class that have been generally employed.. The criteria should be limited to income and schooling with changes in the distribution taking advantage of the population. Class cultures, like national cultures may break down. A more general subculture explanation of crime, not necessarily in disagreement with the notion of classShow MoreRelatedInequality From A Sociological Perspective1507 Words   |  7 PagesInequality from a Sociological Perspective Social inequality is an important area of study for sociologists. It concerns the privileges of certain sections of communities, and aims to determine how and why societies experience inequality. This is important in addressing issues of inequality and striving towards a society where people do not face discrimination based on race, gender, sexuality, class or social groups that they belong to. The study of inequality in sociology originally started withRead MoreA Look at Crime from a Sociological Perspective1020 Words   |  4 PagesCrime A Look into Crime from a Sociological Perspective Introduction Crime is considered to be some breech or violation of behaviors which stand in opposition of rules or norms instituted by some governing body. Some actions are considered to be crimes throughout most societies in history; murder or physical abuse can serve as an example as an example. However, the majorities of things that are considered crimes are more of a subjective nature and vary widely in different societies. In many societiesRead MoreDifferent Cultures From A Sociological Perspective1458 Words   |  6 Pagesthe relationships that are occurring in my own life and how relationships in being made in the future will be affected will be changed because of this. This reflective paper will focus on the various differences in cultures from a sociological perspective, and provide examples from my own life on how different cultures and social groups alike can change the actions and feelings of a person, whether it be conscious or not. Socialization is a very important and critical aspect of the life course. TheRead MoreDeveloping Sociological Imagination from an Interactionist Perspective560 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿ What is involved in developing sociological imagination from interactionist perspective? The concept of sociological imagination was developed by C. Wright Mills who defined it as an awareness of the relationship between an individual and the wider society, both today and in the past (Schaefer 5). Sociological imagination allows us to look at cultural activities and events from a larger perspective, placing them in a proper context. For example, it is considered normal in the United StatesRead MoreGender Wage Gap From A Sociological Perspective Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesThe gender wage gap in America is a social problem that has existed since women entered the workforce. According to the National Committee on Pay Equity, for every dollar earned by a man, a woman made 78.3 cents in 2013 (Leon-Guerrero, 2016). Data from 1983 to 1998 and concluded that women workers in their prime earning years make 38% of what men make. During the 15-year period, an average prime-age working woman earned only $273,592 compared with $722,693 earned by the average working man in 1999R ead MoreEssay about Explanation for Criminality from a Sociological Perspective4008 Words   |  17 PagesExplanation for Criminality from a Sociological Perspective From a sociological perspective, explanation for criminality is found in two levels which are the subculture and the structural explanations. The sociological explanations emphasize aspects of societal arrangements that are external to the actor and compelling. A sociological explanation is concerned with how the structure of a society, institutional practices or its persisting cultural themes affect the conduct of its members. IndividualRead MoreSociological Analysis of the Presidential Election of 2012 from a Structural Functionalist Perspective and a Conflict Perspective.1183 Words   |  5 PagesSociological Analysis of the Presidential Election of 2012 from a Structural Functionalist Perspective and a Conflict Perspective. As the presidential election draws closer, we could vividly view our society from social conflict and structural functionalist perspectives. The democratic process helps us to ask why do we accept and embrace democracy, how does it influence our social patterns and functions; and how does democracy really work for the stability of our society. In this essay, I will analyzeRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement of 1964 from a Psychological and Sociological Perspective1950 Words   |  8 Pagesbe a price to pay, whether it be being jailed, assaulted, or in some cases even killed. The sociological and psychological motivation behind this Movement, and what drove ordinary people to stand up for what they believed in, and accomplish extraordinary achievements for African-American Civil Rights is that of strength, and determination to stand up for what is just. From a psychological perspective it is important to understand the period before the Civil Rights movement was born. This struggleRead MoreWhy Should People Commit Crime And Labeling Theory From A Sociological Perspective1743 Words   |  7 Pagesfocus on the deviant behavior regarding the individual social and cultural status and how society response to these types of deviant behaviors. I am going to explain Robert K. Merton’s theory on why people commit crime and labeling theory from a sociological perspective, and how people respond to the actions that people make. Even though the two theories are similar they play different roles in society in dealing with deviance behavior. Anomie strain theory can be described as the failure to achieveRead MoreThematic Analysis : Data Driven Inductive And Sociological Contexts From The Constructionist Perspective Essay1060 Words   |  5 Pages3. Data analysis Thematic analysis is applied to process the data from semi-structured interviews and policy documents. Thematic analysis is an encoding qualitative information process, involving discovering, interpreting and reporting themes within data (Boyatzis, 1998, Spencer et al., 2014). Braun and Clarke (2006) propose decisions of ‘inductive or deductive’, ‘semantic or interpretative’, and ‘realist or constructionist’ for applying thematic analysis methods. This thesis applies the data-driven

English Poetry Free Essays

Emersonâ€Å"The Echoing Green† and â€Å"The Eolian Harp† â€Å"The Echoing Green† is a poem written by William Blake. It was taken from Blake’s Songs of Innocence, and is also a pictorial poem of Blake’s. In this poem, the poet describes a happy country side view where the arrival of spring is welcomed by sunny skies, and ringing bells. We will write a custom essay sample on English Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now It takes place on an ideal day in the British Isles. Blake uses the theme of innocence and peace throughout the poem. The theme plays out here when Blake states that the skies are happy, the children are playing, and the ’old folk’ who reminisce about their own childhood. This poem is a symbolic and draws a contrast between youth and old age. The spring symbolizes the youth and the children. Morning is the beginning of life and dark evening is the end. The poet symbolizes the innocence of children with birds. The birds are happy and they sing; mocking the children. ’Nest of birds’ symbolizes peace. The poem could be attributed to the life of a person-birth, life, death. Birth being the morning, life being the kids playing, the routines throughout the day, and men reminiscing, and lastly death being the end of the day when all goes dark, and quiet smothers the earth. The Eolian Harp†, is a poem written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Inspired by the peaceful music being played by wind this poem was written for his wife, Sara, while visiting a house of his in Clevedon, Somersetshire. The theme in this poem is also peace, as well as innoncence. Peace comes to him while he ponders on the beauty of nature, and the wonder of God giving him e verything around him including Sara. Coleridge personifies nature by comparing it to abstract nouns. For example, the white flower represents innocence. This abstract noun does exactly this: it gives life and character to nature. Coleridge uses unperceived nature to appeal to the human senses. Each are introduce in turn starting with sight through the watching of the clouds and the evening star. The introduction of God towards the end is another vision. ; a vision to the soul. It is now that the audience visualizes the peace that Coleridge feels. The allusion to sight and vision in these poems are significant because of the dept of imagination needed for physical and emotional imagery. It’s full of emotional feelings, as well as physical sight. The audience is needed to picture, and feel what the poet did to understand the poem. For example, both Coleridge and Blake set the poem outside, in nature to show the peace and innocence. These two poems also have central connectedness. They both have vision and sight. Not only emotionally and mentally, but physical as well. There are many times where both poets use deep feelings and thoughts. Hiding meaning behind words, and using polsemes. Blake hides meanings behind his entire poem. Such as: morning being the beginning of life, and evening being the end. How to cite English Poetry, Papers English Poetry Free Essays In ‘Bayonet charge’ and ‘Belfast confetti’ the consequences of war are presented as inhumane, devastating and confusing by the poets. In both poems a range of semantic fields are used to display the confusion of the soldier in ‘Bayonet charge’ and the civilian in ‘Belfast confetti’. For example in ‘Belfast confetti’: â€Å"Nuts, bolts, nails, car-keys. We will write a custom essay sample on English Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now A fount of broken type. And the explosion. Itself – an asterisk on the map. This hyphenated line, a burst of rapid fire†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Several semantic fields are used at once. For instance â€Å"nuts, bolts, nails and car keys† belong to a semantic field of household objects, whilst â€Å"asterisk† and â€Å"hyphenated line† would fit in to a semantic field of punctuation and â€Å"explosion† and â€Å"rapid fire† are part of wars semantic field. This use of variation in semantic fields creates a sense of confusion as the words do not fit in with the scene Carson is trying to paint, much like the civilian does not fit in with the war that is raging on around him. Similarly Hughes also uses the semantic field of nature as metaphors to create confusion: Stumbling across a field of clods towards a green hedge† â€Å"Clods† are something used to describe mud or soil in a field. Here Hughes are using them as a metaphor for the people who had fallen during the charge. This metaphor shows how disorientated the soldier is, â€Å"stumbling† around the field oblivious to what he was walking through. However the poet makes the soldiers ignorance sound as if it was forced, that in order to make it through the battle he had to ignore what was happening to his comrades. The metaphor â€Å"field of clods† also shows the inhumanity applied to warfare, making the soldiers appear as nothing more than pieces of earth not human beings who had lives and families. It also shows how devastating the battles were, as an entire field has been covered with the remains of those fighting. â€Å"Green hedge†, another metaphor used in the quotation I have chosen, used to describe the end of the soldiers time on the battlefield. I felt that this was particularly powerful as the colour green and nature, in general, are used to represent life and hope, something which would seem out f place in a battlefield meaning that the metaphor also serves as an oxymoron. Both poems consist of many enjambments. Structuring the poem in such a way causes the poems to gain a stop, start rhythm. I felt that this made them sound like the train of thought coming from the subject of each poem. Often cutting off and continuing or switching points completely much like a perso n in a state of confusion unable to focus solely on one thing before finding more questions to ask to attempt to ease their confused state. By setting the poems out this way both Carson and Hughes allow the reader to be enveloped in the same state of confusion creating empathy between the reader and the subject. Hughes uses mechanical imagery in order to show the inhumane consequences of war: â€Å"Sweating like molten iron from the centre of his chest† The use of the simile â€Å"Molten iron† makes the soldier sound mechanical and inhumane as it appears to be coming from within the â€Å"centre of his chest†. This suggests that the poet believes that war and conflict devastates a persons humanity, becoming nothing more than a weapon. This also adds to the effect of the verb â€Å"Sweating† showing us that despite how inhumane the soldier may be, he is still scared enough to be â€Å"Sweating† conveying his fear to the reader. Meanwhile Carson explores the devastating effect war has on the land it takes place on: â€Å"I know this labyrinth so well† The contrast within the quotation displays how much the area has been ruined. The phrase â€Å"So well† emphasises the degree to which the subject knows the area he is talking about, the personal address term â€Å"I know† also creates a sense of desperation and longing for the town this person had once known but would now have to use a map to find the right road. â€Å"Labyrinth†, more likely to be found in Greek mythology, describes a maze almost impossible to escape or find your way around. Here this metaphor displays the extent of the damage done to the town. So devastated and unrecognisable that a person who, presumably, had lived there most of their lives could get lost. Overall the poets use metaphors and enjambments to allow the reader to empathise with the subjects of the poems allowing us to see how the consequences of war would have affected them. I personally found Carsons use of contrast and reference to Greek mythology particularly evocative, letting us see the scale of devastation caused by war. How to cite English Poetry, Papers

Effective Communication and Health Literacy for Orientation

Question: Discuss about theEffective Communication and Health Literacy for Orientation. Answer: Topic: The importance of effective communication and health literacy in a culturally safe healthcare environment Target audience: An orientation session for new staff in the workplace. Type of interaction with the audience: During the presentation, both verbal and non-verbal cues will be used. Specifically, tonal variation and body language will be used. In the course of the presentation, the audience will be allowed to ask questions and offer contributions where necessary. In addition, examples will be used to ensure the audience understands the concepts that will be presented. The audience will also be asked to answer certain questions to make the presentation more interactive. The presentation will use existing literature and health models to enhance the understanding of the concepts. The REDE model will be used to illustrate the elements of effective communication. Further, the cultural practice program for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander will be used to discuss the importance of effective communication in a culturally safe environment. Nutbeam model of health literacy will be illustrated in the presentation and importance of health literacy in the culturally safe environment will be discussed. Effective communication is the process of sharing thoughts, information and feeling among individuals through speech, writing or body language. The presentation highlights the main elements of effective communication. Effective communication assists vulnerable patients to understand and make appropriate decisions about their treatment and care (Bramhall, 2014). Nevertheless, effective communication requires pertinent interpersonal skills, self-awareness, and awareness of others. In the past, communication has been viewed as a tool for healthcare providers alone. Patients and healthcare providers should understand and develop effective communication skills to facilitate and enhance the quality of healthcare. Further, the presentation discusses the barriers to effective communication in healthcare settings. Based on this view, patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals should overcome the barriers to effective communication. For patients and carers, the barriers to effective co mmunication are the lack of privacy, being weak, difficulty explaining feelings and blockage of communication cues by healthcare providers (Neese, 2015). On the other hand, the blocks to effective communication for medical professionals are inadequate time, high workload, lack of support, emotion barriers and distress (Bramhall, 2014). The patients and nurses should always adhere to the principles of effective communication. Communication is perceived as a transaction as well as message creation. The process of communication should ensure patient satisfaction and protect the health professional (Frenkel Cohen, 2014). Both the nurse and patient should understand that communication is unidirectional meaning that any of these parties can initiate the communication process. The use of certain technical terms might block the communication process because the patient can misinterpret technical terms (Kourkouta Papathanasiou, 2014). The REDE model can be used to achieve effective communication in a healthcare setting. Primarily, the REDE model promotes relationship-centred communication to improve the quality of care. This model optimises personal connections is several stages of relationship including establishment, development, and engagement (Windover, Boissy, Rice, Gilligan, Velez, Merlino, 2014). The presentation discusses these elements of REDE model. Establishing a relationship This stage proposes the creation of an enabling and supportive environment where there are collaboration and trust. Healthcare professionals should focus on building an emotional bank with their patients and carers. Respect should be promoted in this phase because it is the first encounter. Healthcare professionals should set the design of care collaboratively even though it might be time-consuming. They should also introduce electronic health record to enhance patient care. Lastly, the provider should demonstrate empathy, which is the capacity to acknowledge and understand the situation of others (Windover, Boissy, Rice, Gilligan, Velez, Merlino, 2014). Developing the relationship After the initial step, the relationship continues evolving and growing. Healthcare professionals should attempt to know the patient and understand their critical signs in a biopsychosocial context. They should listen reflectively as the patient narrates their feelings and thoughts. In this case, the nurse should attempt to obtain the history of present illness (HPI). The importance of provider-patient communication has been extensively documented in the recent literature (Cheng, Bridges, Yiu, McGrath, 2015). Engaging the relationship The main elements of this stage are patient education and treatment. As the healthcare professional continues to offer treatment, they should also enhance the patients knowledge. Education aims to obtain consent, enhance patient self-efficacy, treatment adherence and self-care of chronic health conditions (Windover, Boissy, Rice, Gilligan, Velez, Merlino, 2014). The healthcare professional should share the diagnosis with the patient, involve the patient in designing a treatment plan, and dialogue throughout the process of delivering care. The presentation will further discuss the meaning of effective communication and its significance in healthcare. Effective communication in a culturally safe environment is very important. Recent studies have found that good communication improves patients emotional health as well as symptoms resolution (Leonard, 2017). In addition, effective communication enhances several physiological measures including like blood pressure and reduces reported pain. Effective communication increases the chances of developing a mutually positive and advantageous relationship between the healthcare provider and the patient. Additionally, effective communication increases the level of confidence and self-empowerment for the patient because they understand their diagnosis and treatment. In most instances, communication reduces the issues of misunderstanding and errors linked to diagnosis, treatment and medication administration. The cases of medication non-adherence can also be reduced through good com munication. Communication further improves the level of respect and reputation between the nurse and the patient (Cultural.org, 2012). Health literacy can be perceived as the capacity to access, comprehend, analyse and convey information as a way to enhance, sustain and promote health in various settings (Medibankhealth, 2018). The presentation discusses how health literacy is defined in Australia and its association with healthcare delivery. In Australia, health literacy is defined as the skills and knowledge needed to comprehend and apply information associated with health issues like disease prevention and management, drugs and alcohol, accident prevention, and first aid. Health literacy can also be viewed as the ability to understand and use health information to improve the delivery of healthcare and make suitable health decisions (Lambert, et al., 2014). Low level of health literacy often occurs in vulnerable communities and it is associated with socially disadvantaged populations. Poverty and low education attainment are important predictors of health literacy level. Traditionally, health literacy concentrate d on health care services and had a finite concentration on the capacity to address words and numbers in medical contexts. Over the last few years, the idea of health literacy has evolved significantly to include the aspects of reading and acting on written health information (Van den Broucke, 2014). Health literacy is an important determinant of public health and determines the outcomes of patients across different healthcare settings. Low health literacy is not only an issue of the minorities because it even exists in the majority populations. The presentation discusses the Nutbeam model of health literacy. The Nutbeams model of health literacy consists of three levels including functional literacy, interactive health literacy, and critical health literacy (Nutbeam, 2015). Functional literacy is the capacity to use common literacy skills to address issues associated with health such as reading medication labels. This kind of literacy is applied mainly in clinical settings where information is conveyed to patients. In case a patient has poor functional health literacy skills, they might be unable to read prescription and written materials. On the other hand, interactive literacy emphasizes the development of cognitive skills as well as the capacity to operate in social environments (Mitchell Begoray, 2014). Interactive literacy depends on a sturdy foundation of the first level, which is functional health literacy. At this level, patients develop the ability to analyze message effectively and interact with others in the env ironment. Critical literacy depends on the other level of health literacy including functional and interactive literacy. Individuals who are at this level of health literacy can facilitate community development. Besides, persons at this level of health literacy can analyse health problems, determine the challenges and benefits of each aspect. The presentation will highlight the benefits of health literacy. Health literacy is essential in a culturally safe environment due to various factors. Undeniably, low health literacy is linked to poor health knowledge, poor health status, high mortality, high rates of hospitalisation and high costs of care. Nutbeam model insinuates that health literacy can act as a strategy for empowerment. Based on the model, health literacy allows an individual to seek, access and analyse health information (Lowell, Schmitt, Ah Chin, Connors, 2014). Health literacy enhances the appropriate use of medication and subsequent outcomes. Patients with high health literacy can use medication appropriately, which improves the outcome of their symptoms (Fincham, 2013). Additionally, health literacy increases the involvement of patients in medical decision-making. High order competence is positively associated with greater involvement in making decisions about medications (Brabers, Rademakers, Groenewegen, van Dijk, de Jong, 2017). Health literacy is even important for patients diagnosed with chronic health conditions. Health literacy allows patents diagnosed with chronic health conditions to access information, and apply appropriate skills to manage their condition (Poureslami, Nimmon, Rootman, Fitzgerald, 2016). In a culturally safe environment, health literacy allows the nurses to apply promote health based on the culture. The healthcare providers can address the needs of consumers in culturally diverse populations. Furthermore, health literacy integrates with effective communication to ensure the needs of the health consumers are met effectively. Word count: Rationale 1500 Presentation 250 Total - 1750 References Brabers, A. E., Rademakers, J. J., Groenewegen, P. P., van Dijk, L., de Jong, J. D. (2017). What role does health literacy play in patients' involvement in medical decision-making? PloS one , 12 (3), e0173316. Bramhall, E. (2014). Effective communication skills in nursing practice. Nursing Standard , 29 (14), 53-59. Cheng, B. S., Bridges, S. M., Yiu, C., McGrath, C. (2015). A review of communication models and frameworks in a healthcare context. Dental update , 42 (2), 185-193. Cultural.org. (2012). Communicating effectively with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanderpeople. Retrieved 4 16, 2018, from https://www.cultura.org.au/sites/default/files/2017-02/Communicating%20effectively%20with%20Aboriginal%20and%20Torres%20Strait%20Islander%20people_1.pdf Fincham, J. E. (2013). The public health importance of improving health literacy. American journal of pharmaceutical education , 77 (3), 41. Frenkel, M., Cohen, L. (2014). Effective Communication About the Use of Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Cancer Care. J Altern Complement Med , 20 (1), 12-18. Kourkouta, L., Papathanasiou, I. V. (2014). Communication in nursing practice. Materia socio-medica , 26 (1), 65-67. Lambert, M., Luke, J., Downey, B., Crengle, S., Kelaher, M., Reid, S., et al. (2014). Health literacy: health professionals understandings and their perceptions of barriers that Indigenous patients encounter. BMC health services research , 14 (1), 614. Leonard, P. (2017). Exploring ways to manage healthcare professionalpatient communication issues. Support Care Cancer , 25 (Suppl 1), 7-9. Lowell, A., Schmitt, D., Ah Chin, W., Connors, C. (2014). Provider Health Literacy, cultural and communication competence: towards an integrated approach in the. Northern Territory. Medibankhealth. (2018). Health Literacy Implications of Australia. Retrieved 4 16, 2018, from https://www.medibankhealth.com.au/files/editor_upload/File/Medibank%20Health%20Literacy%20Implications%20for%20Australia%20Summary%20Report.pdf Mitchell, B., Begoray, D. L. (2014). Electronic Personal Health Records that Promote Self-management in Chronic Illness. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing , 15 (3). Neese, B. (2015). Effective Communication in Nursing: Theory and Best Practices. Retrieved 4 16, 2018, from https://online.seu.edu/effective-communication-in-nursing/ Nutbeam, D. (2015). Defining, measuring and improving health literacy. HEP , 42 (4), 450-456. Poureslami, I., Nimmon, L., Rootman, I., Fitzgerald, M. J. (2016). Health literacy and chronic disease management: drawing from expert knowledge to set an agenda. Health promotion international , 32 (4), 743-754. Van den Broucke, S. (2014). Health literacy: a critical concept for public health. Arch Public Health , 72 (1), 10. Windover, A. K., Boissy, A., Rice, T., Gilligan, T., Velez, V. J., Merlino, J. (2014). The REDE model of healthcare communication: optimizing relationship as a therapeutic agent. Journal of patient experience , 1 (1), 8-13.