Sunday, January 26, 2020

Love Is Patient, Love Is Kind

Love Is Patient, Love Is Kind I Cor. 13:4-8 Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. Love never fails. Christian love is Christs Commandment for all of HIS children. Jesus said, By this all will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another (John 13:35). John, inspired by the Holy Spirit, once wrote, We know that we have passed from death to life, because we love the brethren. He who does not love his brother abides in death (1 John 3:14). And by this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and keep His commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments. And His commandments are not burdensome (1 John 5:2-3). A Pharisaic lawyer once asked our Lord, Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law? Jesus said to him, You shall love the LORD your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself. On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets. (Matthew 22:36-40) . According to Matthews Gospel, the very essence of the Law and the Prophets is to love God and to love others. And we see this term the Law and the Prophets used in one other place in Matthews Gospel. Its in this passage that we find the Biblical definition for love: Therefore, whatever you want men to do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets. (Matthew 7:12) In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus elaborates on this do unto others as you would have them do unto you principle. He says, Give to everyone who asks of you. And from him who takes away your goods do not ask them back. And just as you want men to do to you, you also do to them likewise. But if you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them. And if you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same. And if you lend to those from whom you hope to receive back, what credit is that to you? For even sinners lend to sinners to receive as much back. But love your enemies, do good, and lend, hoping for nothing in return; and your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High. For He is kind to the unthankful and evil. Therefore be merciful, just as your Father also is merciful. (Luke 6:30-36) When the King James translators came upon the Greek word agape (Gods Love), in addition to using the English word love to transliterate it, they often chose the English word charity. This was meant to reinforce the idea that agape is a selfless, giving love. Gods Love is unselfish and unconditional. Now we know what is meant by Christian love. Love is a holy disposition given to us when we are born again by God. It is the love of God shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Spirit. True spiritual love is characterized by meekness and gentleness, yet it is vastly superior to the courtesies and kindnesses of the flesh. We must be careful not to confuse human sentimentality, carnal pleasantries, human amiability and affability with true spiritual love. God commands love first to Him and then to others. It is not the indulgent, self-seeking love which is in us by nature. If we indulgently allow our children to grow up with little or, no Scriptural discipline, Proverbs plainly says we do not love them, regardless of the human sentimentality and affection we may feel for them. Love is not a sentimental pampering of one another with a loose indifference as to our walk and obedience before the Lord. Glossing over one anothers faults to ingratiate ourselves in their esteem is not spiritual love. The true nature of Christian love is a righteous principle which seeks the highest good of others. It is a powerful desire to promote their welfare. The exercise of love is to be in strict conformity to the revealed will of God. We must love in the truth. Love among the brethren is far more than an agreeable society where views are the same. It is loving them for what we see of Christ in them, loving them for Christs sake. The Lord Jesus Himself is our example. He was not only thoughtful, gentle, self-sacrificing and patient, but He also corrected His mother, used a whip in the Temple, Severely scolded His doubting disciples, and denounced hypocrites. True spiritual love is above all faithful to God and uncompromising towards all that is evil. We cannot declare, Peace and Safety when in reality there is spiritual decay and ruin! True spiritual love is very difficult to exercise because it is not our natural love. By nature we would rather love sentimentally and engender good feelings. Also many times true spiritual love is not received in love, but is hated as the Pharisees hated it. We must pray that God will fill us with His love and enable us to exercise it without dissimulation toward all. The word love can mean many different things in the English language. It can refer to a mothers love for her child, love of country, romantic love, friendship, or Gods love towards mankind. The Greek language has different words for different types of love. The original manuscripts of the New Testament of the Bible were written in the Greek language so we will take a look at the actual words used in the original manuscripts. We will explore the following Greek words: Agape Phileo Agape is defined as the love that God has for his Son and toward mankind. John 3:16 For God so loved (agape) the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life. Notice the first part of this verse, God so loved (agape) He gave. Agape love gives, agape love is the deep and constant love of a perfect being (God) towards an unworthy object (mankind). Ephesians 2:4 5 But because of his great love (agape) for us, God, who is rich in mercy, made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in transgressions it is by grace you have been saved. Romans 5:8 But God demonstrates his own love (agape) for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us. We were unworthy objects, we were sinners. Agape love is love that only comes from God. God showed his love (agape) among us: He sent his one and only Son into the world that we might live through him. Agape love gives unselfishly and takes action in a visible way. As sinners, we deserved the death that Jesus took upon himself on the cross. We were unworthy of the love that God demonstrated toward us when he allowed his only Son to die on the cross for us. Agape love is why Jesus died on the cross for our sins in such a visible and humiliating way before all creation. Agape love truly does take action in a visible and if necessary humiliating way. Agape love is God doing what is best for mankind and not necessarily what man desires. Agape love is not drawn out by excellency in its objects. It is an exercise of the divine will in deliberate choice, made without assignable cause. In contrast, Phileo is defined as to be a friend to, indicating feelings, warm affection. As we study love we will begin to understand that Phileo is the love that can come easily because of like interests, commonalities. Sometimes we meet people who we naturally like. They are easy to get along with, you may share the same ideas, and theyre likable and enjoyable to be around so you feel comfortable and have good feelings being around them. Many times you develop a warm affection toward them and enjoy their company. Some want to say that God has only agape love but we know that is not true. Take a look at the following verses: John 3:35 The Father loves (agape) the Son and has placed everything in his hands, Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life, but whoever rejects the Son will not see life, for Gods wrath remains on him. John 5:20 For the Father loves (Phileo) the Son and shows him all he does. Yes, to your amazement he will show him even greater things than these. In John chapter 21, both words are used but each word retains its distinctive and essential character. Before we study John 21, lets review the events that lead up to this chapter. Peter is one of the twelve disciples, a fisherman by trade, who follows Jesus during three years of ministry. Near the end of Jesus life, just before Jesus is crucified, the last 24 hours go something like follows: The Passover meal or last supper is observed by Jesus and the twelve disciples During the meal Jesus says that He will be betrayed by one of the twelve disciples Peter is quick to say in Mark 14:29 Even if all fall away, I will not. Luke 22:33 34 records Peter saying: But he replied, Lord, I am ready to go with you to prison and to death. Jesus answered, I tell you, Peter, before the rooster crows today, you will deny three times that you know me. They leave the upper room and go to the Garden of Gethsemane where Jesus asks a few disciples to keep watch and pray, Peter is one of them. Jesus returns to find them sleeping as recorded in Mark 14:37 38 Then he returned to his disciples and found them sleeping. Simon, he said to Peter, are you asleep? Could you not keep watch for one hour? Watch and pray so that you will not fall into temptation. The spirit is willing, but the body is weak. Recorded in Mark 14:39, Jesus comes back a second time to find his disciples sleeping again. And again as recorded in Mark 14:41, Jesus returns a third time and asks Are you still sleeping and resting? Judas arrives on the scene and the soldiers start to arrest Jesus. In John 18:10 Then Simon Peter, who had a sword, drew it and struck the high priests servant, cutting off his right ear. Jesus rebukes him as recorded in John 18:11 Jesus commanded Peter,Put your sword away! Shall I not drink the cup the Father has given me? Next we find Peter following at a distance as Jesus is lead away. Mathew 26:58 But Peter followed him at a distance, right up to the courtyard of the high priest. He entered and sat down with the guards to see the outcome. Read closely the following verses recorded in Mathew 26:69 thru 75 Now Peter was sitting out in the courtyard, and a servant girl came to him. You also were with Jesus of Galilee, she said. But he denied it before them all. I dont know what youre talking about, he said. Then he went out to the gateway, where another girl saw him and said to the people there, This fellow was with Jesus of Nazareth. He denied it again, with an oath: I dont know the man! After a little while, those standing there went up to Peter and said, Surely your are one of them, for your accent gives you away. Then he began to call down curses on himself and he swore to them, I dont know the man! Immediately a rooster crowed. Then Peter remembered the word Jesus had spoken: Before the rooster crows, you will disown me three times. And he (Peter) went outside and wept bitterly. Jesus dies on the cross. Peter and the other disciples are scared and hiding out. What had they witnessed the last three years? All the miracles, the feeding of the five thousand, the man with leprosy who was healed, the blind man whose sight was restored and on and on we could go, not to mention all the teachings and parables by Jesus himself. Hes dead now, where do they go, and what do they do? Jesus remains in the tomb on the Sabbath. No one could go to the tomb on that day. The next morning, Mary Magdalene goes to the tomb but it is empty. She runs and tells the disciples, Peter and John run ahead of the other disciples they see the linen wrappings but no Jesus. They go to their homes. Jesus appears to Peter on the road to Emmaus. Jesus appears to the disciples and tells them to go to Galilee and wait for him. They go there and wait. Peter grows weary says Im going fishing (John 21:3 Im going out to fish, Simon Peter told them, and they said, Well go with you. So they went out and got into the boat, but that night they caught nothing.) Peter had gone back to what he had done before meeting Jesus and the other disciples followed. The next morning Jesus stood on the shore and called out to them Friends, havent you any fish? The disciples answered No. Jesus tells them Throw your net on the right side of the boat and you will find some. Miraculously, they caught an abundance of fish. John who is in the boat with Peter realizes that it is Jesus and says to Peter It is the Lord! Peter is so happy that he jumps in the water and swims to the shore. There Jesus had fish cooking on burning coals and invited them saying Come and have breakfast. When they had finished breakfast, the following dialogue took place and is recorded in John 21:15 thru 17 When they had finished eating, Jesus said to Simon Peter, Simon son of John, do you truly love me more than these? Yes, Lord, he said, you know that I love you. Jesus said, Feed my lambs. Again Jesus said, Simon son of John, do you truly love me? He answered, Yes, Lord, you know that I love you. Jesus said Take care of my sheep. The third time he said to him, Simon son of John, do you love me? Peter was hurt because Jesus asked him the third time, Do you love me? He said, Lord, you know all things, you know that I love you. Jesus said, Feed my sheep. Loving one another (agape love) is one of the greatest outward expressions of our devotion to God. Jesus demonstrated agape love towards Peter even though Peter had failed so many times as evidenced in the verses listed above. Jesus was entrusting to Peter to be a leader in the Church when he said to Peter Feed my sheep. A Pharisee asked Jesus Which is the greatest commandment? Lets look at Mathew 22:37 thru 40 Jesus replied Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. This is the first and greatest commandment. And the second is like it. Love your neighbor as yourself. All the law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments. Loving one another with an agape type love shows our love for God and to God. John 14:15 If you love (agape) me, you will obey what I command. John 15:12 My command is this: Love (agape) each other as I have loved (agape) you. I John 4:20 -21 If anyone says, I love God, yet hates his brother, he is a liar. For anyone who does not love his brother, whom he has seen, cannot love God, whom he has not seen. And he has given us this command: Whoever loves God must also love his brother. In contrast, when we love one another with an agape type love, the Spirit of God can work through us in the lives of other people that need to see the love of Jesus.

Saturday, January 18, 2020

Defining Honor

If I were to ask half a dozen people at random to tell me what they meant by the word â€Å"honor,† I think that I would probably receive very different answers. One of the reasons for this is that it often means different things in the minds of different people. For instance, we say that it was a great honor for Jim Smith to be elected captain of the football team; and then, on the other hand, we talk about a code of honor, — or the laws of honor. What does Jim Smith’s being captain of the eleven have to do with the laws of honor? What we mean, in the case of Jim, is that his election as captain shows that the other boys have confidence in his play, and therefore this position gives him a local reputation as a comparatively good player and leader. Now many people in the world have only this idea of honor; and, when they speak of holding their honor sacred above all else, they mean keeping their reputation good in the eyes of men. For this reason, they value any office or reward that adds to their reputation; and the more their reputation grows and the more distinction they earn, the more honorable they feels themselves to be. This was the idea of honor existing among the ancient heathen people before the Christian era. You know that, after the fall of the great Roman Empire, there was a period of about a thousand years, when the light of civilization went out in Europe, and the darkness of ignorance and barbarism took its place. During these dark days, there was much going on that was not better and sometimes even worse from a moral point of view than in the days of the Roman Empire; but, when the minds of men began to wake up again, their standards really had advanced further than the old heathen standards of life. A seed Christian principle had been germinating for all these years and finally blossomed out in the Age of Chivalry. This, as you know, was an assertion first of all that the notion that â€Å"Might makes Right† is false, although it had been almost universally believed to be true, in practice, before the coming of Christ. The orders of knighthood which arose in various parts of Europe were composed of men who made it their business to bring order out of confusion, — to kill the wild beasts that interfered with flocks and herds and made farming difficult, — to overpower and abolish the highwaymen and robbers who made traveling unsafe, — and to protect women and children in respect and security. These men bound themselves by solemn vows to keep certain laws which were necessary for carrying out their work, and their obligation or sense of responsibility to keep these laws they called their â€Å"Honor. † Hence a new conception of honor came into being, and their code of honor was the law according to which their conduct was judged among themselves. This is, of course, a very different idea of honor from that which consists of thinking that distinction before men is better worth having than anything else, and which therefore puts reputation above character. Anybody who compares these two ideas of honor can see that the one is only a counterfeit imitation of the other, and that there is not necessary connection between them at all; for a man may have character without reputation, and he may have reputation without character, for reputation may be either true or false; and, when true, it is in many cases because of the character underlying it. But many fine reputations of all sorts are the result of clever self-advertising, and this practice is one of the most destructive and degrading to character and true manliness. This is so because, when we seek reputation for its own sake, we are yielding to the temptation of vanity; and vanity is a weakness and disease of the soul. Everybody has temptations to overcome, and it is everybody’s business to know and work against his weaknesses; but, when our chief ambition in life fosters our weakness, and we deceive ourselves by giving the name of â€Å"honor† to that which weakens us, we can hardly expect to grow stronger as the years go by. The old knights had the right idea of honor, and there have been a great variety of orders of chivalry in different countries, such as those mentioned in the Boy Scout Manual; and the main idea in all of them was to hold up a standard of public service which would raise men above the habits and customs of selfish brutes and merely worldly men. There is another great distinction between these two conceptions of honor: when we think of our reputation as our honor we require spectators, for our reputation is what we are in the minds of other men; but the honor of character, which is our sacred obligation to keep the law of our code and to do our duty in God’s sight, is just as binding upon us when we are all alone, and therefore it must control our most private acts and secret thoughts. A little newsboy boarded a crowded car the other night with a very large bundle of papers, and the conductor, with coarse good-nature, tried to favor him by declining to take his fare, although of course he could not do this without cheating the railway. The boy looked at him with indignation and could not believe that he was the conductor. He went all through the car hunting for the real conductor to whom he could pay his fair. This little boy was richer than if he had had millions in bank in place of this high-minded feeling of honorable independence and of determination to fulfil all his obligations; and, if he remains true to this principle in all the phases of his life, he will accomplish far more than if he amassed millions, or became President of the United States. He will add to the joy and dignity of many other lives as well as his own; for, sooner or later, every human being finds out that without this loyalty to honor life cannot be happy, is — indeed, not worth living. But we must be careful to remember that, although this is such an important and central truth, we cannot expect every one to know about it; and therefore we cannot expect them to act accordingly. In this, as in all other such matters, we must be on our guard against feeling superior to those who have not had our advantages. Next to keeping our own obligations of honor is the duty of protecting the honor of all those with whom we have contact; — and especially of the weak and ignorant. The weak must be protected by whatever means is necessary and appropriate, and the ignorant may be taught if we go about it quietly and in a friendly spirit, without â€Å"laying down the law. † Of course, it is the duty of patrol leaders to see that all their boys understand as thoroughly as possible the nature of the obligations which they have taken upon themselves. It is also the duty of scouts to hand along whatever helpful knowledge they have to other scouts within reach of their friendship. But this holds good not only for boy scouts and their officers but for all men; and it cannot be done unless, in the first place, we ourselves try to practice what we teach and then teach it with a humble appreciation of the beauty or use of the subject, and without any vanity or conceit. There is no merit, but only privilege, — so great that it is difficult to estimate, — in teaching and being taught to understand and live by the deep and tested truths of life; and the more we learn, from obeying them, the more humbly grateful we shall be.

Thursday, January 9, 2020

Ruthless Professional Research Paper Writing Strategies Exploited

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Wednesday, January 1, 2020

Diversity Management As A Business Strategy - 2968 Words

Research Paper Assignment Diversity Management as a Business Strategy: A Literature Review Emmanuel Emenike Williams Course Name Number: GBUS 817 Instructor: Dr. Adrian Pitariu Date: December 11, 2014 Introduction The face of business has been changing very rapidly from national to global environment over the years through technological advancements (McFarlin Sweeney, 2013, p. 4). Emerging markets in developing countries continue to provide tremendous business opportunities for big corporations and multinational companies (McFarlin Sweeney, 2003, pp. 5-6). Consequently, many business organizations have begun incorporating strategic measures in their operations to align with the changing demands of a diverse global market. They acknowledge the fact that modern business opportunities have grown beyond national walls. However, there is no absolute guarantee that setting up international business ventures will automatically lead to better financial performance of a firm. It comes with a challenge – the challenge of incorporating workforce diversity and managing it efficiently with a view to achieving steady growth in productivity, revenue and profitability. Recognizing the enormous challe nges of cultural differences and ideologies in cross-national business environments, McLauren (2009) believes that diversity management â€Å"needs to be seen as the business plan, essential to successful products and increased sales. This is essentially true in today’s globalShow MoreRelatedUsing Diversity as a Strategy: Allstate Insurance Company1214 Words   |  5 Pagesstruggle more and more with the subject of diversity in the workforce. The latest strategy is to leverage diversity as a competitive business strategy. This paper will evaluate Allstate Insurance Company’s goal setting process and how they have used diversity as a strategy leveraging differences in order to create a competitive advantage in today’s diversified market. 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When a business aligns its HR with its business strategies, employees become more efficient, and theRead MoreDiversity Management and Cultural Intelligence1260 Words   |  6 PagesCurrent Issues in OB Final Diversity Management and Cultural Intelligence Diversity Management and cultural intelligence is the crucial keys in today’s workforce to successfully compete in a global marketplace. Corporations can no longer use lack of cultural intelligence as an excuse. Organizations pursuing global success must embrace diversity in their thoughts, actions, and innovations. Diversity doesn’t just focus on making the numbers, but how the organization’s business model is rooted authenticallyRead MoreEssay about Alignment of HRM and Business Strategies760 Words   |  4 Pages Alignment of HRM and Business Strategies 1 Introduction Marriott is a universal chain of hotels that is designed to meet various needs and accommodations. The company was founded in 1927, by J. Williard and Alice S. Marriott. 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Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Caffe Nero - 2145 Words

What are the factors contributed to the growth of Caffe Nero in the United Kingdom market? INTRODUCTION: Caffe Nero Group Limited was founded in 1997 in South Kensington, London by Gerry Ford. It is an Italian style coffee shop and the largest independent coffee retailer in Great Britain in recent days. Now, it has over 400 stores and nearly 3000 employees in the United Kingdom. It is also to the development of overseas market, in 2007, Caffe Nero opened the store in Turkey, and after one year later, it opened the shop in the United Arab Emirates, the Middle East. Caffe Nero has a philosophy; it is very simple, which included four elements, Food, Service, Coffee and Atmosphere, especially Coffee and Atmosphere, a good coffee can give†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, it must identify the positive points and negative points in internal factors and external factors. It can divide the key pieces of information into two main aspects, the first one is Internal factors, it describes in the organisation internal environment, the ‘strengths’ and ‘weaknessesâ₠¬â„¢, the other one is External factors, it shows the ‘opportunities’ and ‘threats’ appeared by the external environment (Panagiotou G. 2003). [pic] Figure 1 People called the SWOT analysis to the SWOT matrix; it is very helpful for producing a series of alternatives for a company and an organisation or business unit based on special combinations of four directions of strategic aspects. The SWOT matrix clarifies how the external opportunities and threats confronting a company can be matched with company internal strengths and weaknesses to consequence with four directions of probable strategic alternatives. The SWOT matrix can make managers to bring about many kinds of growth and contraction measures. The SWOT matrix involves four ways; firstly, Strengths- Opportunities strategies concentrate on how to utilize strengths of a business to get a good hand of opportunities. Secondly, Strengths- Threats strategies try to use the strengths of a firm to leave a way from the threats. Thirdly, Weaknesses- Opportunities strategies aim to clear up theShow MoreRelatedCaffe Nero3562 Words   |  15 PagesExecutive summary In this report, the mission statement for Caffe Nero is make sure food and service are excellence in all four areas to achieve their aim. Besides that, Caffe Nero also providing their customers with good quality coffee and comfortable environment to their customers. There are 3 main important to be successful - A high quality and well defined offering, focus on brand value, selective site acquisition and disciplined roll-out. Next, SWOT analysis has included in this reportRead MoreAnalysis of Caffe Nero Essay4351 Words   |  18 PagesIntroduction Gerry Ford founded Caffe’ Nero in 1997. Caffe’ Nero is the biggest privately owned coffee chain in UK. His intension was to open up a chain of continental style coffee shop in UK. Currently Caffe’ Nero operates in England, Scotland, Wales, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates. Caffe’ Nero has over 400 stores and 3000 employees. Caffe’ Nero concessions in some UK major stores like Heathrow Airports, House of Fraser, bookshop chain Waterstone’s and also Caffe’ Nero Express outlets opened up inRead MoreCafe Nero Marketing Plan6124 Words   |  25 Pagesset the next market objectives and plans a one year plan strategy to reach those objectives. In the second part, this marketing plan outlines the issues that need to be considered to implement Caffà © Nero overseas by analysing of international marketing of the company. Caffà © Nero Group Plc Caffà © Nero Group Plc was founded 1977 and currently owns 290 stores from Brighton to Glasgow with  £90,7 million as turnover. We provide Italian coffee in European style coffee houses. Our philosophy consistsRead More7ps analysis for Caffe Nero Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagesanalysis (7P’s) and recommendation : Caffe’ Nero Introduction Caffe’ Nero was founded by Gerry ford in 1997 which aiming to be authentically Italian, serving premium espresso-based coffee, fresh high quality food, and a neighborhood gathering spot by the end of 2000, the Nero team had built 31 cafes  and established the company as a national brand and received British Design Council award for best company identity (Official Caffe’ Nero website).  Caffe’ Nero considered themselves as bothRead MoreCafe Nero Environment, Swot Analysis, Smart Objectives Essay examples2810 Words   |  12 PagesPage Content Caffà ¨ Nero Facts 3 Environment Analysis 3 SWOT Analysis 5 SMART OBJECTIVES 6 SEGMENTATION 7 Marketing strategies 7 7Ps 8 Monitor and evaluating plan 10 Read MoreNero Cafe Financials2785 Words   |  12 PagesPROFIT CLIMBED BY 38% TO  £13.2M (2007:  £9.6M) STRONG CASH GENERATION CONTINUES TO FUND ROLL-OUT OF NEW STORES A NET INCREASE OF 61 NEW STORES DURING THE YEAR, BRINGING GROUP TOTAL TO 371 YEAR END LAUNCHED â€Å"NERO EXPRESS† CARTS FOR AIRPORT AND RAILWAY STATION HUBS: OPERATING WITH A TOTAL OF 15 NERO EXPRESS CARTS BY YEAR END (MAY 2008) ENTERED FIRST INTERNATIONAL MARKET - TURKEY. OPENED 7 STORES BY YEAR END (MAY 2008) CURRENTLY 393 STORES IN 210 UK CITIES AND TOWNS; ANTICIPATE 410 STORES BY CURRENT YEARRead More Coffee Industry in the UK Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pagescoffee industry has grown rapidly since the 1990s; before Starbucks emerged, people were used to drinking low quality coffee from tins. Starbucks introduced fresh coffee made from top quality beans that have excellent taste and drinks such as the caffe latte and cappuccino, which have helped to fuel the development of the coffee market into a multi million pound industry. The size of UK branded coffee chains have quadrupled from 1999 to 2004, with a current market turnover of over  £1 billion. Read MoreOverview of the Coffee Industry Uk Essay1777 Words   |  8 PagesCompetitors Starbucks Costa Coffee Caffe Nero 6 Barriers to entry 7 Price sensitivity 8 Customer Profile 9 Supply 10 Conclusion 1 Market Overview - Value/Sales/Volume/Growth in recent years The coffee industry has grown rapidly since the 1990s; before Starbucks emerged, people were used to drinking low quality coffee from tins. Starbucks introduced fresh coffee made from top quality beans that have excellent taste and drinks such as the caffe latte and cappuccino, which have helpedRead MoreEssay about Costa Coffee Marketing Plan4148 Words   |  17 Pages |32.4% | |Starbucks Coffee Company |314 |403 |717 |23.2% | |Caffà ¨ Nero |160 |250 |410 |13.3% | |Caffà ¨ Ritazza |19 |164 |183 |5.9% | |BB’s Coffee Muffins (went out of |10 Read MoreIdentify, Analyze and Discuss Strategic Issues for Costa According to the Resource Based View (Rbv) and Its Core Competences.1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthey are utilized in order to confer Costa competitive advantage. The coffee brewing industry is a relatively recent market in expansion with little differentiation between the main competitors. In spite of the fierce competition that Starbucks, Caffe Nero and Coffee Republic have given to Costa coffee, ‘the company is the fastest growing coffee shop chain in the UK’ (Datamonitor 360, (2008), Whitbread PLC, company overview). This means that Costa coffee has successfully managed (partly at least)

Monday, December 16, 2019

The Nursing Shortage Free Essays

Melisa A. Smith Dr. Kathryn Skulley Eng 122-500 22 November 2011 Crisis in America Back in the late 1930’s, American men were drafted to go off and fight in World War II while women at home had to learn a new way of life to support their families and support the soldiers. We will write a custom essay sample on The Nursing Shortage or any similar topic only for you Order Now A woman named Florence Nightingale who was recognized as one of the first nurses to care for the wounded soldiers during the Crimean war helped to influence other women to learn how to become nurses and care for the sick and wounded. After the war ended in the mid 1940’s, thousands of soldiers returned home to begin the next chapter in their lives by starting a family while women returned to homemaking. In fact, due to the major population shift after the war, thousands and thousands of babies were born in which it would be named the Baby-Boomer generation. Now fast forward to the year 2010, several decades later, the baby-boomer generation is aging and approaching there sixties and beyond at a time when healthcare is beginning to be used more frequently by many others. Now that America is beginning a new era of healthcare with the creation of healthcare reform that soon will create access for the uninsured and underinsured to gain access to healthcare treatments. On March 23, 2010, â€Å"The Affordable Care Act† was signed into law by President Obama that would create healthcare access for millions of Americans. This is turn would create a huge strain on the American healthcare system at a time when concerns are rising due to the increased need of services for the baby-boomer generation and the current nursing population to care for them. You can read also Coronary Artery Disease Nursing Care Plan If Americans already planned on facing a nursing shortage with the baby-boomer generation, then how would the shortage affect everyone else when healthcare reform becomes active in the year two-thousand-fourteen? This paper will discuss some individual points more in detail and evaluate the nursing shortage situation from the beginning of nursing history to present day that could affect all healthcare workers now and in the future. The nursing shortage topic in America has always been a debatable question where it will be analyzed further in detail starting with some statistical data. Looking at the national level for current nursing employment, the U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics stated that, â€Å"2,655,020 registered nurses were currently employed as of May two-thousand and ten† (U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics: Occupation section). The information presented here did not account for self-employed nurses or one’s that currently work multiple jobs. Now on a smaller scale looking at the State of Colorado’s population and registered â€Å"nurses per 1000 rate is 7. 98 as compared with a national average of 8. 6 with an additional need of 1,780 nurses to meet the national average† (The Demographic Challenges Facing Colorado’s Health Care Workforce 15). The information noted here did not account for rural areas and small towns where the population is considerably lower. Next, the discussion will continue on about nursing school factors affecting the nursing shortage. Additionally when someone is attracted by the potential for a nursing career and advancement, they must look at all avenues first before deciding and making a commitment to nursing school. However, when someone has made the decision to enroll they must take several prerequisite classes and take a nursing entrance exam before being accepted into a nursing program. Furthermore, after students have taken the required prerequisites, they may not easily be accepted into a nursing program because of limited number of slots available and teaching constraints. In fact, it has been well observed by many schools that the major factor in the nursing shortage is due to the lack of qualified nursing instructors. In the United States, â€Å"nursing schools turned away 67,583 qualified applicants from baccalaureate and graduate programs in 2010 due to insufficient number of faculty, clinical sites, classroom space, clinical preceptors and budget constraints† (2010-2011 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing 2). Another factor that contributes to the nursing shortage is that nursing faculty members and educators are being lured away from colleges by higher compensation, which in turn reduces the number of potential educators to meet the demands needed. Consequently, most educators are generally older with a limited number of years of teaching left before retirement which in turn could also leave more potential nurses waiting on a list that could reduce the national shortage. Furthermore, the United States started facing some major healthcare challenges with the baby-boomer generation beginning to impact the healthcare system in two-thousand ten. Now that this generation is in their sixties many of them will be facing increased health problems due to aging thus putting a greater demand on the healthcare system for treatment and prevention. Consequently, this generation will begin turning sixty-five at a rate of approximately ten thousand baby-boomers per day for the next nineteen years starting in the year two-thousand eleven. This in turn will create a huge stressor to the already problematic nursing shortage. In addition to the baby-boomer generation, America will soon be forced to provide healthcare to millions of individuals who previously did not have insurance starting in two-thousand fourteen when the Affordable Care Act goes into full force. Furthermore, â€Å"healthcare reform will soon provide subsidies for thirty-two million citizens to more fully utilize the healthcare system† (Joint Statement from the Tri-Council for Nursing on Recent Registered Nurse Supply and Demand Projections 2). This in turn will create a huge stress on the medical profession especially the nursing sector, as the healthcare system is grappling in the shortage of nurses to care for the baby-boomers. Emergency rooms and physicians’ offices will soon be faced with a massive influx of patients to provide care for, which would cause an increased demand for more medical staff including nurses and physicians. Patients then would be going to local hospitals for elective surgeries and diagnostic testing which would cause a surge and a need for more hospital beds to accommodate the needs of patients. When the demand exceeds the amount of resources available people could be facing other challenges such as emergencies or disasters of magnitude. With the introduction of the healthcare reform and the baby-boomer generation, the healthcare system could also be facing emergency preparedness scenarios that have not been attempted before with the combination of emergency disaster plans currently available. Some may remember the hundreds killed and injured from the two-thousand eleven tornado outbreak or the terrorist attacks on the twin towers that caused mass casualties and injured numerous people on September 11, 2001. This is just to name a few disasters that America was impacted by with the need for emergent healthcare services. Additionally in the United States, â€Å"there is little flexibility for unanticipated fluctuations in patient acuity and demand on a daily basis, and an absence of standby capacity for large-scale emergencies† (McHugh 442). Consequently, if the United States doesn’t come up with a large scale disaster plan that has been attempted before, then many will be faced with total destruction and demise. Nurses have gone through the grueling process to begin and succeed in their careers from the dedication of going to school to meet entry level standards, as well as taking the national licensure examination prior to practicing. Some nurses graduate with the expectation that the wages and demands of the job will be satisfying to keep them in their current role. But some people may know very little about the profession until they are faced with the reality of the job demands versus the salary. A new graduate nurse just beginning his/her career maybe making less than the more experienced nurses, but still held to the standard of providing the same type of care to all patients. According to the U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, the national median wage for registered nurses as of May two-thousand ten was â€Å"$67,720 annually† (U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wages). However this statistic did not report the level of education held other than the title of registered nurse. Furthermore, nurses are held to a high standard to uphold to their duties and continue to give accurate, compassionate and safe care to all patients. Nevertheless, nurses play many roles other than a care-taker or pill pusher, they are expected to know about possible medication interactions that could harm a patient since they are the last line of protection for patient. Nurses have also been trained to think critically in times of crisis and to intervene with life-saving interventions without the supervision of a physician. Many of the â€Å"hazards on the job, include blood and body fluid exposure as well as musculoskeletal injuries related to ergonomic hazard from lifting and repetitive tasks† (Stone et al. 1984). During times of busy patient demands, nurses may also run the risk of harm to themselves, especially during the administration of an injection that could cause a needle puncture that may potentially be from an infected needle, or come in contact with the splashing of body fluids on exposed skin. However, many hospitals have currently up-graded equipment to help prevent unwanted needle stick exposures through the use of needle free systems, but there is still work to be done to keep nurses and patients safe. Furthermore, nurses may also be exposed to occupational injuries while lifting a patient in bed, or when a patient falls on a staff member and injures them in the same turn as well. Obviously some hospitals have improved the safety for staff, and patients with the use of lifts or ssistive devices, but time maybe of essence. With this in mind, the physical and mental demands of the nursing profession may take a toll on a person’s body, or it may potentially provoke thoughts of a career change from the risks involved. However, since nurses are also held accountable for mistakes made even when times are proven difficult, in hind sight turn this could potentially create a stressful environment full of expectations without satisfaction. Furthermore, â€Å"nurses’ working conditions have been associated with medication errors and falls, increased deaths, and spread of infection, but nurses report making more errors when working shifts greater than twelve hours, working overtime, or working more than forty hours per week† (Stone et al. 1984). In some hospitals nurses are given an assigned number of patients to care for, but patients are coming into the hospitals’ sicker than in previous years which can create a dilemma when assigning patient care. Some hospitals’ have been designated as a Magnet hospital where the maximum ratio is one nurse to five patients which could help ease some demands to be able to provide better care to patients, but this trend is still new to some healthcare systems. On a typical working shift nurses are responsible for medication administration, physical assessments and general care of the patient, but during times of staffing shortage nurses may have to provide all the care for all assigned patients. Generally speaking, nurses care for four to eight patients per shift while â€Å"an additional patient within this range was associated with a seven percent increase in the odds of dying within thirty days of admission and a seven percent increase in the odds of death following complications such as shock or pneumonia† (Keenen 1). In addition patients have a greater risk of infection due to lack of adequate infection control from proper hand washing by healthcare staff when staffing shortages occur. When nurses are held accountable for a certain number of patients, and one person falls out of bed down the hall while they were getting another patient up to the bathroom can create an unsafe and unsatisfactory environment for all involved parties that in turn can cause higher morbidity in patients. With a stressful environment and combined fear of making a mistake which would result in punitive action against them, â€Å"the U. S. healthcare system contains a safety climate which blames individuals for errors instead of the system or organizational failures that may really be at fault† (Fox and Abrahamson 235). With that said, more nurses feel pressured to not make any mistakes instead of being human. However, when hospitals’ are dealing with staffing issues and nurses are not able to give proper attention to their patients this in turn could create a dangerous situation for patients that have an increased mortality risk due to complications or co morbidities. Studies have shown that staffing insufficiencies increase the mortality risk in patients due to the inability to adequately care and educate patients on complications such as pneumonia or bloods clots which can be proven fatal. Nurses are also expected to perform many tasks that include life saving techniques in critical situations, but in order to keep these individuals with these skills employed by a specific facility it takes a clever approach to nursing retention. However, â€Å"research shows that nurses contribute heavily to the quality of patient care, reimbursement based upon performance outcomes would likely increase the economic value of nurses, thus improving wages, work environment and recruitment and retention† (Fox and Abrahamson 235). In the past, when hospitals were dealing with nursing shortages some would offer a sign-on bonus or a contract to pay for a portion of education expenses as an incentive to attract employees for difficult to recruit positions such as night shifts. Due to cost constraints some facilities were beginning to do away with sign-on bonuses and offer other assistance after a specific time period of employment. On the contrary, most facilities do not recognize nurses with compensation based on performance other than an increase in cost of living wages, but could benefit further through increased recognition programs. Since World War II the nursing profession had always been a female dominant profession until now, with the addition and encouragement of male nurses in the profession. Most patients saw nursing as a female dominant profession due the delicate nature of caring for sick patients and the need for gentle interactions and nurturing. Furthermore, working conditions were often poorer in nursing with a predominately female occupation. During times of economic recession more nurses were choosing to work, or continue employment to help meet the financial expectations of their households especially in times when other family members are facing a layoff or furlough. Although when the economy improves the shift of nurses actively working may change and create an even bigger nursing shortage while some may change careers or retire all together. Furthermore, with the introduction of men in nursing things have begun to change and more and more men were joining the nursing profession for career stability and advancement opportunities in an already female dominant profession. A man named James Derham â€Å"in 1783 who was a slave earned money to buy his freedom by working as a nurse† making him the first male nurse (Bonair and Philipsen 19). Nursing schools began offering scholarships to male nursing students as a way to attract more people to the nursing profession. With men in a female dominant profession they were making up â€Å"five to ten percent of the workforce in the UK, USA and Canada† while in the nursing profession they were more likely to be promoted into leadership roles (Brown 120). Male nurses generally started a nursing career at a younger age compared to their female counter parts. As working nurses were getting older many of them were planning for retirement at a time when a majority of people were retiring with the baby-boomer generation. More and more people began to choose a nursing career later in life, so consequently most nurses ended up retiring earlier due to the strains of the job or age factors. Consequently, the average age of nursing students graduating was thirty-one, while the average age of the working nurse is forty-six years old. Due to the popularity of nursing for some it is becoming a second career for individuals after many years of employment in other fields such as business, or computer industries that have had many changes and layoffs that contributed to the employment shift. With this new employment shift new nurses that began a nursing career as older adults are not working in the field as long and retiring sooner. Furthermore with the short periods of nursing employment, this again creates problems with fixing the nursing shortage across the country. Now that the factors of the nursing shortage have been described in detail, the next discussion will be about ways to fix the nursing shortage problem in America from the faculty shortage to loan forgiveness programs. If America is going to get out of the nursing shortage crisis the first step is to address the shortage of educators, and nursing faculty that teach and train the future nursing students. In order to create an interest in teaching there needs to be some changes with regards to income levels, and more education assistance to give nurses the ability to increase their knowledge. Some hospitals ffer opportunities to take a leave of absence from their jobs to pursue further education options without the fear of job loss. However, this in turn would not only be an asset to the individual but the facility as well that encouraged their employees to seek more education. Another factor in the nursing shortage is the number of clinical sites needed to give adequate clinical experi ences for nurses to learn in. In hospitals today nursing schools generally have clinical experiences five days a week instead of an additional two days on the weekend to meet more needs of clinical experience time. By offering the additional two days per week, nursing students would meet their clinical expectations ahead of schedule therefore they could graduate earlier and begin nursing practice sooner. This in turn would help to ease the shortage of trained nurses sooner and decrease the waitlist time for entrance into nursing school. In order to attract more nurses to continue advancing their education there needs to be more monetary compensation to pay for the cost of education in order to encourage more nurses to advance into teaching. Furthermore in order for the healthcare system and colleges to meet the recruitment demands and the shortage requirements there needs to be some collaboration between facilities for education and tuition assistance. Consequently to address the aging of the nursing faculty, more people need to be encouraged to continue their education without any lapse of time after graduation. Nevertheless, since most nurses cannot afford to pay for the higher expenses of college and continue to work then only a selected few would advance their education. However, some nurses may choose not to continue their education due to conflicts with work schedules and family, unless there was some loan assistance or forgiveness program widely used. The United States currently has loan forgiveness programs that pay the entire amount of the loan after requirements are met. Furthermore, after a nurse has completed two years of service in a hospital then they can apply for the loan forgiveness program that may take up to six months before a decision is made, and only a limited number of individuals are selected. In addition, if the United States invested in more healthcare facilities and offered more loan assistance and scholarships then people would be more attracted to the nursing profession and possibly reduce the nursing shortage. In conclusion, after discussing the many challenges that the nursing profession faces, it is still considered a highly respected field by many but may not be the choice for everyone. However, until the United States aggressively pursues a solution to the nursing shortage, better wages, and working conditions, then healthcare reform will define the critical needs of nurses that may end up costing more lives than money. In the end, if the nursing shortage continues, it could be catastrophic to American society at a time when healthcare has made so many advances to increase the life expectancy rate. Works Cited â€Å"2010-2011 Enrollment and Graduations in Baccalaureate and Graduate Programs in Nursing. † Fact Sheet-Nursing Shortage (2011). http://www. aacn. nche. edu/Media/Factsheets/NursingShortage. htm. Bonair, Jennifer, and Nayna Philipsen. â€Å"Men in Nursing: Addressing the Nursing Workforce Shortage and Our History. † Maryland Nurse. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 10. 3 (May-July 2009): 19. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. Brown, Brian. â€Å"Men in nursing: Re-evaluating masculinities, re-evaluation gender. † Contemporary Nurse: A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 33. 2 (2009): 129. Web. 29 Oct. 2011 Fox, Rebekah L. , and Kathleen Abrahamson. â€Å"A Critical Examination of the U. S. Nursing Shortage: Contributing Factors, Public Policy Implications. † Nursing Forum. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, 44. 4 (Oct-Dec. 2009): 244. Web. Sept. 2011. Joint Statement from the Tri-Council for Nursing on Recent Registered Nurse Supply and Demand Projections. AACC, n. d. Web. 4 Sept. 2011. http://www. aacn. nche. edu/Media/NewsReleases/21/tricouncil. html. Keenen, Patricia. â€Å"The Nursing Workforce Shortage: Causes, Consequences, Proposed Solutions. † Issue Brief. CINHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO, (2003): 6. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. McHugh, Matthew D. â€Å"Hospital Nurse Staffing and Public Health Emergency Preparedness: Implications for Policy. † Public Health Nursing. 27. 5 (Sept/Oct 2010): 449. CINAHL Plus with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 29 Oct. 2011. Stone, Patricia w. , et al. â€Å"Nurses’ Working Conditions: Implications for Infectious Disease. † Emerging Infectious Diseases 10. 11 (2004): 1989. Web. 28 Sept. 2011. http://www. cdc. gov/eid. The Demographic Challenges Facing Colorado’s Health Care Workforce. Colorado Center for Nursing Excellence, n. d. Web. 4 Sept. 2011. http://www. coloradonursingcenter. org/colorado. U. S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics. Occupation: Registered Nurses. http://data. bls. gov, May 2010. Web. 1 Nov. 2011. How to cite The Nursing Shortage, Papers

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Memoir Writing and Desire Line free essay sample

A memoir Is a story about your life, tracing your experiences, hopes, failures, success and triumphs. Its also a way to share your wisdom and leave a legacy. Some famous memoirs are: Memoirs of a Geisha, which was written by a ghostwriter, and Angels Ashes, the famous Frank McClure memoir about growing up in Ireland. The Memoirs off Geisha movie was a blockbuster, while the movie version of the McClure memoir also won many awards. How to Start a Memoir How do you condense decades of your life Into a comprehensive, engaging and compelling narrative?One way to start a memoir is to tell your story to a ghostwriter. The ghostwriter digitally records you talking, transcribes the material, then edits and revises it into a memoir. You can start a memoir by creating a timeline. You do this by creating a timeline of the period you want to write about, then listing the key events and emotional experiences that happened at each point. Another way to start a memoir Is to simply start Journaling your life experiences, Including your memories, thoughts and feelings. It doesnt matter if you dont know what to say, worry about saying it right, or simply cant remember the details. Just get started.Once you have something down, you can start picking and choosing which experiences you want to focus on in the narrative. Then write more about that. After a while, you can organize the material and shape it into chapters. You can then hire a ghostwriter or editor to read your Journal, organize the material and edit It Into a compelling memoir. If you are unsure. You can start a short memoir _ Short memoirs allow Individuals to tell their stories without committing time and resources to an extensive autobiography. 12 Tips on Writing Memoirs 1. Be Kind to Yourself You are not going to remember some things you wish you could.And you will remember things you wish you could forget. Its k. Life is like that. It is filled with ups and downs, triumphs and despair. While it may be painful or exhilarating to experience, it is also what makes a good memoir. Writing a memoir is as much about telling the truth about your life, as it is recording Important events. As you write your memoir, remember to have compassion for yourself, 2. Memory is Unpredictable You never know when or how your memories will emerge. You may remember the strangest details like the smell of your grandmothers kitchen but not remember there important facts like your grandmothers maiden name.Thats k. The answers may come in dreams, chance conversations, photos or letters. Trust that the right memories will emerge. If you are writing about someone who did you wrong, try to find the good in the other person. What redeeming qualities did he or she have? Why did that person behave the way he or she did? What pain did that person experience that made him or her behave that way? The more you can present understanding and even compassion for your bad guys, the more interesting and compelling your memoir will be. 4. Just Write Maybe you dont know what to say. Write that down. Maybe you dont remember. Write that down.Maybe you think you sound stupid. Write that down. It doesnt matter. Just keep the pen moving across the paper; keep typing those words into the computer. At some point, you will find the words start to flow. 5. You Dont Have to Write You can use digital recorders, software and video to record your stories. You can also hire a ghostwriter to interview you, organize and write your memoir. Many people including politicians, business people, celebrities and everyday people use ghostwriters. Writing a memoir does not have to be hard. 6. One Day at a Time It took you years to live your life and have the experiences you had.Do you think you can write it down in a few short days or weeks? Probably not. But if you can write Just a little each day, you will have something in a few short weeks and months. Like the tortoise who eventually reaches the finish line, so will you. One day at a time, you will reach your goal of completing your memoir. One day at a time, you will achieve your dream. 7. Turn Off the Inner Critic Sometimes, you need to shut up. Shut up your inner critic, that is. The one that says, But thats not right, Maybe Im saying it wrong, Im not good enough to do this, l onto know how, l need to eat something, l have to vacuum the floor For now, just let the words flow. Write whatever is on your mind, in your heart, from your memories. Let your creativity loose. You will have ample time to turn on the critic later when youre editing the work. But for now, while you write, turn it off. 8. You Can Change Everything Later Dont worry about naming people, offending them or being sued. Dont worry about getting things wrong. You can change everything later names, dates, times, places, details, even the story itself. You can run it by a lawyer, literary agent or publisher later. When you are writing, your goal is simply to get everything down first. . Emotional Truth is More Important than Factual Truth country was that neighbor from? These are all salient details that you might want to know while writing your memoir. But if you dont remember, thats k. More important was, how did you feel when your son was born? How elated were you when you received those flowers? How did you feel when that neighbor gave your family the basket of food that Christmas after you had lost your Job and didnt have money to buy food? Yes, factual details paint the storys canvas. But the emotional truths memories the storys soul. 10.Writing is Rewriting Writing never comes out perfect the first time. Good writing means rewriting. Give yourself the time and space to rewrite material, until you have something that is an authentic expression of your life, voice and wisdom. 11. Get Support Find a writing teacher, coach, buddy or ghostwriter to spot you. A coach can guide and advise you, especially when you are not sure how to proceed. More importantly, a coach keeps you accountable to your own dreams. 12. Hold on to Your Vision When you are stuck or discouraged, remember why you are doing this. Is it to leave a cagey? To share your wisdom?Think about how happy or touched others will feel after reading your memoir. Think about how your story will make a difference in their lives. Think about how satisfied you will feel completing it. Hold on to your vision of completing your memoir. THE KEY ELEMENTS OF WRITING A GOOD MEMOIR So lets take a look at exactly how to build your arc, starting with the key elements: the desire line, actions and obstacles, emotional beats, the initiating incident and, of course, the ending. The Desire Line The first step in drawing an arc is to answer this question: What did you (as the orator/protagonist) want in the story youre telling?You should be able to state the desire line in a sentence: I wanted to be a psychiatrist. I wanted to stay in the police department. I wanted to love my stepson. I wanted to make a new life in Uganda after the death of my wife. I wanted to be a model though I weighed 160 pounds. Keep in mind that the desire line can change by the end of the memoir. For example, a teen author might begin by chronicling the methodical engineering of his own destruction, but end by deciding he wants to live. Even so, its his original desire that rives his character to that unexpected conclusion. Dont expect to come up with your desire line immediately: Its not that easy. The desire line must be one that makes the like, l wanted to be loved, or, l wanted to belong-?theyre too general simply because everybody wants those things. If youre stuck, a good way to come up with the specific desire line is to write a one-page fantasy in which you get your ideal ending in the story youre telling. Thats the story of you getting what you wanted. Now: What was it? Actions and Obstacles Once you have the desire line, you can lay out the events of your book. What did you do to get what you wanted?What got in your way? Begin planning your story arc by jotting down a list of actions and obstacles: I wanted the desire line). To get it, I To get it, I then But so, I (And so on. ) action). Obstacle) got in my way. In your memoir, remember that you are the action hero. You try a lot of different things to solve your problem, with mixed results. You have setbacks, you make mistakes and you push on, until you either get what you wanted, or you dont, or you stop wanting it, or whatever. For this reason, the obstacles in your book are Just as important as the actions.Obstacles are often external: other people (the nurse who got herself written into your mothers will), bad luck, natural disasters and so on. Even more interesting to the reader, however, are the internal obstacles: the ways in which you screwed up, got things wrong. (After all, we all do, right? If your story is one of pinioning from triumph to triumph, keep it to yourself, thanks! ) Why did you ignore evidence that your husband was lying to you? Or that you were lying to yourself? (In Hold Me Close I start by preening myself on what a natural mother I am.This is why its such a blow when my daughters life falls apart. Often the real drama of a memoir is in watching the narrator shed beliefs and behaviors that keep him from getting what he wants. If you cant come up with a clear list of things you did to get what you wanted-?and of obstacles standing in your way-?that might be a sign that your book concept is too internal, too talky or too dependent on psychological insights (for instance, realizing that youre leading the life your dad did, or that you married a woman whos a lot like your mom).If that happens, revisit you r desire line until a clearer, more action-driven story arc presents itself. It could also be that youre having a hard time identifying actions and obstacles because youre writing a victim book, in which something bad has happened to you, and all you can do is react, rather than act. Take it from me: You dont want to write a poor-me book. The best memoirs show how human beings change under pressure, not Just the bad things that can happen to people. And that change means change in you. If you marry a doctor who turns out to be a crook, thats not change.Its bad luck. If you marry a doctor who turns out to be a crook, and you knew all along something was wrong-? hose unexplained phone calls, a repossessed Porch-?then you have a story to tell. Your memoir should be about what you found out about yourself, not about him, the night of his arrest. Be brave. Sometimes theres a difference between what you want pursuing publication, its not a bad idea to recognize this discrepancy early, so you can plan the book differently, this time with the readers needs in mind.Emotional Beats A memoir is an emotional Journey. The events in the story are there not because they happened, but to show the shifts in emotion the narrator (you) goes through, event by event, over the course of the book. These shifts are called beats. A beat is an event keyed to an emotion. Heres an event: And then my mother told me shed had an affair. But how does that event affect the story? Heres the beat: It was the first time that she made herself vulnerable to me, and for the first time in months, I really looked at her. Take a look at these beats (with the emotional keys italicized, and of course simplified) in my student Erik Johnnys memoir-in-progress, Wicked Stepmother: (BEAT) Erik is excited to be marrying the man she loves. He has a 5-year-old, Max, but thats no problem: After all, the boy is with his mother half the time. BEAT) On her wedding night, she waits downstairs in a negligee for her husband to finish putting Max to bed, only to find the two of them fast asleep. She realizes there is an intruder in her marriage. (BEAT) She scolds herself for resenting and disliking the son. (BEAT) She vows to be a good sport. That very morning, as a first step, she transforms Mamas bedroom into a page out of Pottery Barn Kids. (BEAT) Being a good sport doesnt work. (BEAT) She avoids the boy by first staying away from the house as much as possible, and then by taking a Job in India. (BEAT) She is lonely. (BEAT) She decides the answer s to quit her Job and throw herself wholeheartedly into the role of stepmother. (BEAT) She is frustrated when the boys mother excludes her from school events. (And so on. ) Can you see how these beats link together to form the arc? These are the events-?linked with emotion-?that must be traumatized in scene in your memoir.The Initiating Incident Notice that some beats will be major turning points, others more minor. The most important event/beat comes near the beginning. This is the day the trouble started. You were perfectly content as you were, saw no reason to change, then the trouble came along and wham! Everything you knew about yourself was thrown out of balance. For Johnson, in the previous example, the initiating incident was realizing she had underestimated the impact of the presence of a stepson in her marriage. For another workshop student of mine, it was the day she crossed her college campus on the way to class and stumbled for no reason. Shed had cerebral palsy since she was 7, and she knew this sudden buckling of her knees might mean she was heading for a wheelchair. This stumble sets off the struggle of the book, with the desire line, l wanted to be able to take care of myself with no help from anyone. Your own initiating incident (called the complication in the short story) might be the day you discovered you were gay, or the day you quit law school or, nibbling toast one morning, read an e-mail that revealed your husband was having an affair.Before the initiating incident, you might have what is called the status quo scene-?the one that shows you in the midst of your ordinary life before the trouble starts. It might be you will disclose your mutual bankruptcy. It might show you at a house, closing a real estate deal Just before the doctors appointment that will change your life. Johnnys wows her complacently looking forward to sex with her husband even though her stepson is at home. The Ending Incident Picking the end point is crucial. Life goes on and on, but memoirs mustnt.Yes, you still have kids, but your story of being a single mother doesnt need to go up to the present. The desire line defines the ending: When the narrator gets what he wants, or doesnt, or stops wanting it, or whatever, the story has reached the end of its arc. We see him changed by all that has come before. The cult member recognizes his group for what it really is. This beat that resolves the desire line must be traumatized n scene, Just as with the initiating incident and all other important beats: We get to watch the cult member pack his bags. My writing partner, Janis Cooke Newman, wanted to become a mother (her desire line) and adopted a Russian boy. She ends her memoir, The Russian Word for Snow, with, l looked back into his eyes, and at that moment I knew that I would forever put myself between him and all the dangers of the world-?a vicious dog, a speeding car, a bullet from a gun. I had become a mother. Drawing Your Arc When youve identified all the elements of your arc, its time to put them together in a sort of outline. I find it helps to put each event and its accompanying beat on an index card.One of Johnnys cards, for example, might read: EVENT: Christmas with the folks. BEAT: They simply and naturally accept my stepson as one of the family. Why cant I do that? What is wrong with me? Take some time to make your own cards for each element of your story. Then, get yourself a big glass of wine and a couple of undisturbed hours, and lay out all the cards on the floor or a table, in chronological order. As you gaze at your cards, you will see, Im guessing, not a neatly laid-out story in which each event leads in a logical and satisfying way to the next. Instead, you will see real life.In real life, the day you realized your husband resented your illness was followed by something entirely unrelated, like that big deal you were about to close at work falling through. This is where you save yourself hundreds of pages of writing and rewriting by simply arranging your cards so that they do tell a coherent story. Do you see events that need cutting? Once we get that your ex is a swine, theres no need for the six scenes of additional evidence. Are all the flashbacks youve planned to include really necessary? If youre writing about a stroke, you dont need events eating up to it: A stroke is a freak occurrence.If youre writing about being a bad father, however, that memory of your own father passing you in a grocery store without recognizing you might be important. Some cards will need moving around (we dont necessarily need to know that you got your tubes tied when you were 18 until your fiance announces he wants children). You might also find that some important emotional beats that would help the narrative flow are missing (you time you need to structure your story before you write. Drawing your arc is not something you can knock out in the half-hour before dinner.It challenges you to survey the tangle of emotions, motives, repetitions and complexities of events you lived through with the cold, dispassionate eye of an editor. It asks you to know not what is important or meaningful to you, but what is important or meaning ful to the story. It means regarding the painful events that actually happened to you-?the doctor taping wires to your fingers to shock you into being straight, picking out the urn for your own memorial-?as material. If you find the process of drawing a compelling and satisfying arc overwhelming, you may still be too close to your experience to get any writer perspective on it.In that case, you might find a writing group or coach especially helpful. Take solace in the fact that Just knowing you need an arc puts you ahead of the game. A good arc is not sexy. You wont be mobbed by readers at bookstores grateful for all the digressions you took out. But an arc will help get you into that bookstore. Life is a hopelessly meager thing, my father said. What counts is what we dream into it, the words we find to describe it when we arrange Jarring details to make a pleasing whole. Thats Just what your arc will give you: a pleasing whole.